indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
child; kid; (one's) child; offspring; young (animal); young woman; offshoot
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
together (with); at the same time; in a lump
to live; to get along; to spend (time)
yes; that is correct; um; errr; huh?; grrr
old friend; familiar face
it is assuredly that ...; can say with confidence that ...
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
running away from home; elopement; (arch.) outing; (arch.) going out; (arch.) becoming a Buddhist monk; (arch.) entering the priesthood
since when; from when; how long
in front (of); before (e.g. a building); before; earlier; (the) front; frontal part; forward
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
confirmation; verification; validation; review; check; affirmation
it is assuredly that ...; can say with confidence that ...; did not ...
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
man; male; fellow; guy; male lover; boyfriend
female; woman; female sex; female lover; girlfriend; mistress
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
love affair; love relationship
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
assertion; declaration; affirmation
to be able (in a position) to do; to be up to the task; to be ready; to be completed; to be made; to be built; to be good at
in that way; thus; so; so?
go that far; to that extent
if; in case; as for; on the topic of; if that's the case; if so
to meet; to encounter; to see; to have an accident; to have a bad experience
suffix for familiar person
first of all; at once; right away; for now; for the time being
between-meal snack; mid-afternoon (around 3 o'clock) snack; afternoon refreshment; afternoon tea
to eat; to live on (e.g. a salary); to live off; to subsist on