to be aware of; to know; to notice; to feel; to understand; to comprehend; to remember
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
you; presence (of a god, nobleman, etc.)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to make war (on); to wage war (against); to compete (against); to struggle (against adversities, etc.); to fight
to create; to bring forth; to invent; to think up and bring into being; to give birth to; to bear
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to pass through; to pass by; to pass (of time); to elapse; to have expired; to have ended; to exceed
extra; more; unnecessary; needless; all the more; even more
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
to think (about, of); to think over; to consider; to bear in mind; to think (that); to believe; to intend (to do)
to be able (in a position) to do; to be up to the task; to be ready; to be completed; to be made; to be built; to be good at
one; for one thing; only; (not) even; just (e.g. "just try it"); some kind of; one type of
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to carry to extremes; to go to the end of something; to investigate thoroughly; to master
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
yes; indeed; ha!; what?; huh?; sigh
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
any more; any further; any better; any longer
unreasonable; unnatural; impossible; forcible; forced; excessive (work, etc.); immoderate
adds force or indicates command
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
degree; amount; grade; standard; of the order of (following a number); about
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
difficult situation; adverse circumstances; predicament; trouble; dilemma; distress
how many times; how many degrees (temperature, angle, etc.)
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
still; as yet; (not) yet; more; (more) still; at least
enough; sufficient; sufficiently; fully; division into ten
to run; to run (of a vehicle); to drive; to rush (to); to dash; to retreat; to flee
painful; difficult; distressing; (psychologically) difficult; straitened (circumstances); tight (financial situation)
thing; object; one's things; possessions; things; something; quality
seems; I think; I guess; don't you agree?; I thought you'd say that!
small quantity; little; little while; short distance
flower; blossom; cherry blossom; beauty; blooming (esp. of cherry blossoms); ikebana; hanafuda
to whine; to make feeble complaints
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...