indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
father; dad; husband; you (of an elderly person older than the speaker); he
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
development; cultivation; application; exploitation (of resources)
yes; yeah; huh?; what?; 's; of
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
impossible to understand; impossible to decipher
why; how; for what reason
any; anything; whatever; I am told; I hear; I understand
to be able to do; to be possible; to be good at; to do well; to come into existence; to form; to be made
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
to shine; to sparkle; to twinkle; to light up (with happiness, hope, etc.); to beam; to gleam
(distant) future; future existence; world beyond the grave; future (tense)
to hug (someone) tight; to embrace; to give (someone) a tight hug; to cuddle
everyone; everybody; all; everything; all
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
to let fly; to make fly; to skip over; to leave out; to run fast; to drive fast; to spray
indicates a question; indicates an embedded question; indicates an indirect question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm
test (of ability, knowledge, etc.); exam; test (of performance, quality, etc.); trial; rehearsal
passing (an exam); pass; success; meeting (specifications, standards, etc.); passing (inspection); qualification
to talk; to speak; to tell; to explain; to speak (a language)
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
to get up; to rise; to wake up; to be awake; to occur (usu. of unfavourable incidents); to happen
tragedy; tragic drama; tragic play; tragedy; calamity; disaster
everything; all; the whole; entirely; completely; wholly
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; penis; (one's) thing
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
cute; adorable; dear; precious; innocent; childlike
serious; not joking; straight; (arch.) cannot; (arch.) should not; (arch.) will not
to start; to begin; to start up (a business, society, etc.); to open (e.g. a store); to start ...; to begin to ...
minute (unit of time); fun (one tenth of a monme, 5.787 grains)
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
theatre; theater; playhouse
to begin; to start; to happen (again); to begin (anew); to date (from); to originate (in)
company; firm; (Shinto) shrine; regional Chinese god of the earth (or a village built in its honour); counter for companies, shrines, etc.; incorporated body
purpose; goal; aim; objective; intention; motive
to lose (something); to get rid of; to eliminate; to remove