indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to betray; to turn traitor to; to double-cross
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
in that way; thus; so; so?
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
place; spot; address; district; area; one's house; point
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
infiltration; sneaking in; going undercover
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
taking; taker; last performer of the day (usu. the star performer); last performance of the day; active partner (e.g. in judo demonstration); emphatic or formal prefix
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
-like; sort of; similar to; resembling
company; association; regional Chinese god of the earth (or a village built in its honour); counter for companies, shrines, etc.
superior; excellent; brilliant; outstanding
manufactured goods; finished goods; product
that kind of; of the sort; of the kind; such
flaw; defect; problem; inconvenient
to be aware of; to know; to notice; to feel; to understand; to comprehend; to remember
indicates emotion or admiration; indicates emphasis; I; me; wah!; boo!
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
first of all; at once; right away; for now; for the time being
now; the present time; just now; another; more
to be needed; to be wanted
deletion; elimination; erasure; striking out
discourtesy; impoliteness; excuse me; goodbye; to leave; to be rude
program (of events, music, etc.); programme; program (booklet); brochure; (computer) program; programming
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
business; task; use; purpose; for the use of ...; used for ...
to change; to alter; to transform; to reform; to revise; to amend
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
trial product; prototype model
android; Android (mobile operating system)
(one's) exclusive use; private use; dedicated use; use for a particular purpose; exclusive use (of particular products); using only (e.g. a certain brand)
powered exoskeleton (esp. in SF); power suit
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
no; nay; well; er; you're welcome; not at all