indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
Mr.; Mrs.; makes a word more polite (usu. in fixed expressions); state; situation
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
matter; affair; counter for (received) emails, text messages, voicemail messages, etc.; counter for accounts (on a website, email service, etc.)
the Big Dipper (asterism); the Plough; the Plow
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
man; male; fellow; guy; male lover; boyfriend
orca (Orcinus orca); killer whale; grampus
leopard (Panthera pardus)
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
yes; indeed; ha!; what?; huh?; sigh
older brother; elder brother; brother (as older-brother figure in friendly and or work relationship); young man; buddy
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
indicates emotion or admiration; indicates emphasis; I; me; wah!; boo!
commander; general; leader
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest
to ferry across (e.g. a river); to carry across; to lay across; to build across; to hand over; to hand in
lightweight fabric or clothing; silk gauze; thin silk; Latin (language)
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
good; advantage; sake; purpose; consequence; result
everything; all; the whole; entirely; completely; wholly
to throw down; to bring down; to kill; to defeat; to overthrow; to trip up
older brother; elder brother
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
honorific/polite/humble prefix
to hear; to listen (e.g. to music); to ask; to enquire; to hear about; to hear of; to follow (advice, order, etc.)
to die; to pass away; to lose spirit; to lose vigor; to cease; to stop
you; presence (of a god, nobleman, etc.)