heh-heh; hee-hee; ha ha; (arch.) female genitals; (arch.) vagina; (arch.) vulva
you; presence (of a god, nobleman, etc.)
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
death; decease; (arch.) death penalty (by strangulation or decapitation); (an) out
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to ascertain; to check; to make sure
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
endorsing and questioning the preceding statement; lamenting reflections on the preceding statement
until now; so far; up to the present
like; similar to; as with; in the same way
how many people; a number of people
man; male; fellow; guy; male lover; boyfriend
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to desire; to wish; to beg; to request; to have something done for oneself
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
but; however; (and) yet; nevertheless; still; for all that
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
as expected; sure enough; after all (is said and done); in the end; too; also
to get up; to rise; to wake up; to be awake; to occur (usu. of unfavourable incidents); to happen
to die; to pass away; to lose spirit; to lose vigor; to cease; to stop
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
the Big Dipper (asterism); the Plough; the Plow
god; deity; incredible; fantastic; (arch.) Emperor (of Japan); (arch.) thunder
this world; this life; world of the living
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
to be ruined; to go under; to perish; to be destroyed
and; and then; thus; and now; and finally
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
to live; to exist; to make a living; to subsist; to be in effect; to be in use
to return; to come home; to leave; to get home; to get to home plate
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
companion; fellow; group; company; member of the same category (family, class)
to call out (to); to call; to summon (a doctor, etc.); to invite; to designate; to name; to garner (support, etc.)
to dig up; to unearth; to uncover
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to be troubled; to have difficulty; to be bothered; to be inconvenienced; to be badly off; to be hard up
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
to receive; to take; to get somebody to do something; to have in one's pocket (a fight, match); to contract (a disease); to catch
no; nay; well; er; you're welcome; not at all
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
such things as ...; and ... and; the minute (that) ...; no sooner than ...; be; is; o