indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
one's father; one's old man; middle-aged (or older) man; old man; one's boss; proprietor (of a restaurant, store, etc.)
orca (Orcinus orca); killer whale; grampus
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
rhea (bird of family Rheidae); Rhea (Greek goddess)
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
demon; devil; evil spirit; -crazed person; -obsessed person; fiend
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest
to sew; to stitch; to weave one's way (e.g. through a crowd)
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
country; state; region; national government; central government; home (i.e. hometown, home country); (arch.) province (of Japan)
the Big Dipper (asterism); the Plough; the Plow
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
man; male; fellow; guy; male lover; boyfriend
to die; to pass away; to lose spirit; to lose vigor; to cease; to stop
aah!; ooh!; oh no!; oh boy!
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
in that way; thus; so; so?
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
and; and then; thus; and now; and finally
fast; quick; early (in the day, etc.); premature; (too) soon; not yet
to protect; to guard; to defend; to keep (i.e. a promise); to abide (by the rules); to observe