indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
country; state; region; national government; central government; home (i.e. hometown, home country); (arch.) province (of Japan)
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
the Big Dipper (asterism); the Plough; the Plow
yes; indeed; ha!; what?; huh?; sigh
you; presence (of a god, nobleman, etc.)
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
Asura; demigod; fighting; carnage; sledge (for conveying large rocks, logs, etc.); log slide
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
Mr.; Mrs.; makes a word more polite (usu. in fixed expressions); state; situation
you; you bastard; you son of a bitch; (arch.) you
commander; general; leader
lightweight fabric or clothing; silk gauze; thin silk; Latin (language)
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
matter; affair; counter for (received) emails, text messages, voicemail messages, etc.; counter for accounts (on a website, email service, etc.)
hand game (e.g. rock-paper-scissors)
yes; yeah; hum; hmmm; oof
red; crimson; Red; communist; (arch.) beautiful
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
but; however; (and) yet; nevertheless; still; for all that
man; male; fellow; guy; male lover; boyfriend
time; hour; occasion; case; chance; opportunity
everything; all; the whole; entirely; completely; wholly
half; semi-; half-past; odd number; (arch.) unit of land area (595.8 m^2)
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
and; and then; thus; and now; and finally
god; deity; incredible; fantastic; (arch.) Emperor (of Japan); (arch.) thunder
to throw down; to bring down; to kill; to defeat; to overthrow; to trip up
battle; fight; war; struggle; conflict
aah!; ooh!; oh no!; oh boy!
home town; birthplace; native place; (arch.) ruins; (arch.) historic remains