indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
country; state; region; national government; central government; home (i.e. hometown, home country); (arch.) province (of Japan)
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
Asura; demigod; fighting; carnage; sledge (for conveying large rocks, logs, etc.); log slide
orca (Orcinus orca); killer whale; grampus
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
Mr.; Mrs.; makes a word more polite (usu. in fixed expressions); state; situation
the Big Dipper (asterism); the Plough; the Plow
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
half; semi-; half-past; odd number; (arch.) unit of land area (595.8 m^2)
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
you; presence (of a god, nobleman, etc.)
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
man; male; fellow; guy; male lover; boyfriend
hand game (e.g. rock-paper-scissors)
rhea (bird of family Rheidae); Rhea (Greek goddess)
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
two persons; two people; pair; couple
to throw down; to bring down; to kill; to defeat; to overthrow; to trip up
battle; fight; war; struggle; conflict
indicates emotion or admiration; indicates emphasis; I; me; wah!; boo!
oh!; good heavens!; ugh!; oh no!; ah!; the penny drops!
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest
adds force or indicates command
to wait; to await; to look forward to; to depend on; to need
to make war (on); to wage war (against); to compete (against); to struggle (against adversities, etc.); to fight
interesting; fascinating; amusing; funny; enjoyable; fun
aah!; ooh!; oh no!; oh boy!
yes; indeed; ha!; what?; huh?; sigh
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen