indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
again; once more; also; too; on the other hand; while; and
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
to have been decided (so) that; to have been arranged (so) that; to be the result (of); to be the outcome; to be the reason (for)
until now; so far; up to the present
like; similar to; as with; in the same way
on good terms with; on cordial terms with; getting along well with; to make friends with; to be good friends with; to get along with
please (give me); please (do for me)
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
understood; I see; OK; present; here
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
indicates emotion or admiration; indicates emphasis; I; me; wah!; boo!
wisdom; wit; sagacity; prajna (insight leading to enlightenment)
endorsing and questioning the preceding statement; lamenting reflections on the preceding statement
please remember me; please help me; please treat me well; please do; please take care of
suffix for familiar person
happy; glad; pleased; joyful; delightful; gratifying
yes; yeah; hum; hmmm; oof
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
to think (about, of); to think over; to consider; to bear in mind; to think (that); to believe; to intend (to do)
lively; full of spirit; energetic; healthy; well; fit
to lose (something); to mislay; to get rid of; to eliminate; to remove
yes; yeah; huh?; what?; not; 's
won't; hasn't; isn't; won't you
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
worry; concern; anxiety; care; help; aid
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
servant (esp. a samurai's attendant); chivalrous man (Edo period); cubed tofu (often served cold); kite shaped like an Edo-period footman; Edo-period hairstyle worn by samurai's attendants; enslavement (of a woman; Edo-period punishment for her own or her husband's crime); (arch.) he
store; shop; establishment; restaurant
preparation; arrangements; getting ready; provision; setup; reserving
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
seems; I think; I guess; don't you agree?; I thought you'd say that!
expressly; especially; taking the trouble (to do); intentionally; deliberately
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage