previous time; last time; previous installment; previous instalment; previous session
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
slow; gradual; steady; calm; composed; relaxed
strange; odd; peculiar; queer; curious
adventure; venture; venture which is unlikely to succeed; risky attempt; danger
what!; oh; what the heck; what the; damn
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
boy; son; child; mere boy; stripling; greenhorn
safe; secure; certainly; surely; no thanks; I'm good
injury; wound; mistake; accident; loss
place; spot; address; district; area; one's house; point
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to wash; to cleanse; to inquire into; to investigate; to purify (one's heart); to lave (e.g. shore)
honorific/polite/humble prefix
medicine; pharmaceuticals; efficacious chemical (gunpowder, pesticide, etc.); (pottery) glaze; (illegal) drug; narcotic
to paint; to plaster; to lacquer; to varnish; to spread; to smear
to raise; to elevate; to do up (one's hair); to fly (a kite, etc.); to launch (fireworks, etc.); to land (a boat); to deep-fry
indicates emotion or admiration; indicates emphasis; I; me; wah!; boo!
exclamation of surprised disappointment, disgust, or worry (yuck, ick, ack, eeew, crap!, blech, gross)
idiot; moron; trivial matter; folly; stupid; foolish
eh?; what?; yes; that's correct; (arch.) strengthens a question, assertion, etc.; (arch.) hey
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
Eh?; What?; Come on!; Damn!
yes; that is correct; um; errr; huh?; grrr
as expected; sure enough; after all (is said and done); in the end; too; also
losing by being overmatched; being defeated by a stronger opponent; losing by misusing one's powers; defeat as a result of trying too hard
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
older sister; lass; young lady
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
where; what place; how much (long, far); what extent
until now; so far; up to the present
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
although; despite; whereas; while; if only; I wish
somehow; how; in what way; why; what kind of
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...