ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
the other day; lately; recently; during this period
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to save; to rescue; to help; to assist; to support (financially); to contribute (to)
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
no!; no no!; no, not at all
inside; within; while (e.g. one is young); during; among; amongst; in (secret, chaos, poverty, etc.)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
younger brother; little brother; brother-in-law (spouse's younger brother or younger sister's husband); (arch.) pupil; (arch.) apprentice
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
nicely; properly; frequently; often; I'm glad that you ...; thank you for ...
to lose one's way; to get lost
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
extra; more; unnecessary; needless; all the more; even more
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
suffix for familiar person
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
thank you; thanks; much (thanks); very (sorry); quite; really; somehow
no; nay; well; er; you're welcome; not at all
honorific/polite/humble prefix
truth; reality; proper; right; genuine; authentic
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to mind (negative nuance); to care about; to worry; to pay undue (amount of) attention to (something)
thank you for waiting; sorry to have kept you waiting
to receive; to get; to eat; to drink; to be crowned with; to wear (on one's head)
just (e.g. "just wait here"); come now; tolerably; passably; well...; I think...
phew; whew; huff; whoo; wohoo
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to fall down; to drop; to be omitted; to be missing; to decrease; to sink; to fail (e.g. exam or class)
hm; um; huh?; what?; nuh-uh; no
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
in order to (e.g. meet goal); so that; take care (so as); hoping or wishing for something
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
such; like that; that sort of; very
meaning; significance; sense