interesting; fascinating; amusing; funny; enjoyable; fun
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
last; final; end; conclusion; rust
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
in a positive sense of the word; in the best sense of the word; in a good way
to betray; to turn traitor to; to double-cross
uh-huh; mm-hmm; with a moan; with a groan
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
fast; quick; early (in the day, etc.); premature; (too) soon; not yet
now that you mention it; come to think of it; that reminds me; on that subject; speaking of which
what kind of; what sort of; what; no matter what (kind of); whatever; any
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
seed leaves (of a dicot); cotyledons; bud; early stages; very beginning
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
truth; reality; proper; right; genuine; authentic
delicious; tasty; sweet; attractive; appealing; convenient
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
to be worried; to be troubled
where; what place; how much (long, far); what extent
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
if; in case; as for; on the topic of; if that's the case; if so
to some extent; to a certain extent
road; path; way; set of practices; Buddhist teachings; Taoism; modern administrative region of Japan (Hokkaido)
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
guidance; leading (the way); information; notice; announcement (of one's arrival); invitation
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
in this way; thus; such; uh...
honorific/polite/humble prefix
nonexistent; not being (there); not having; not
Mr.; Mrs.; makes a word more polite (usu. in fixed expressions); state; situation
direction; way; side (of an argument, etc.); one's part; type; category; field (of study, etc.)
to mind (negative nuance); to care about; to worry; to pay undue (amount of) attention to (something)