indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
name; given name; title; fame; renown; pretext
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
town; block; downtown; main street; street; road
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
necessary; needed; essential; necessity; need; requirement
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
there (place relatively near listener); there (place just mentioned); that place; then (of some incident just spoken of); that (of point just raised); (arch.) you
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
to put; to place; to leave (behind); to establish (an organization, a facility, a position, etc.); to set up; to appoint (someone to a certain position); to hire
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
transactions; dealings; business
to differ (from); to be different; to be wrong; to be incorrect; to become abnormal; to go wrong
indicates a question; indicates an embedded question; indicates an indirect question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm
fair; fair ball; fair (event)
ticket; token; label; tag; sign; card; playing card
thing; object; one's things; possessions; things; something; quality
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
hm; um; huh?; what?; nuh-uh; no
myself; yourself; I; me; you
daughter; girl (i.e. a young, unmarried woman)
to drive a bargain; to beat down the price; to haggle
such; like that; that sort of
man; male; fellow; guy; male lover; boyfriend
-ness; indicates assertion; come (on); come now; er; um; indicates scrutiny, critique or mistrust
(picture) frame; framed picture; amount (esp. of money); sum
(coming to an) agreement; consent; mutual understanding; accord; consensus
should (be); bound (to be); nock (of a bow); nock (of an arrow); nock-shaped grip (between thumb and forefinger); wooden frame on the tip of the mast of a Japanese ship that prevents the hawser from falling out
but; however; (and) yet; nevertheless; still; for all that
this way; this direction; here; this (one); I; me
to face; to go towards; to head towards
to become confused (disconcerted, disorganized, disorganised); to be flustered; to panic; to hurry; to rush; to hasten
slowly; unhurriedly; easily (e.g. in time); well; well (e.g. sleep); comfortably
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become