indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
yes; indeed; ha!; what?; huh?; sigh
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
to be able (in a position) to do; to be up to the task; to be ready; to be completed; to be made; to be built; to be good at
suffix for familiar person
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
continuously in some state (for a long time, distance); throughout; much (better, etc.); by far; far away; long ago
to persevere; to persist; to insist that; to stick to (one's opinion); to remain in a place; to stick to one's post
fight; fighting spirit; fight!; do your best
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
indicates emotion or admiration; indicates emphasis; I; me; wah!; boo!
-ness; indicates assertion; come; come now
fast; quick; early (in the day, etc.); premature; (too) soon; not yet
yes; yeah; hum; hmmm; oof
aid; assistance; help; cheering; rooting (for); support
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
now; soon; already; yet; further; more
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
now; the present time; just now; another; more
time; hour; occasion; case; chance; opportunity
everyone; everybody; all; everything; all
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
that sort of; that kind of; like that; such; so
one; 1; best; first; foremost; beginning; start
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible