indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
suffix for familiar person
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
honorific/polite/humble prefix
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
everyone; everybody; all; everything; all
yes; indeed; ha!; what?; huh?; sigh
rabbit; hare; coney; cony; lagomorph (esp. leporids)
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
indicates emotion or admiration; indicates emphasis; I; me; wah!; boo!
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
so; therefore; accordingly; like I said; I told you already
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
Mr.; Mrs.; makes a word more polite (usu. in fixed expressions); state; situation
aeroplane; airplane; aircraft
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
in that way; thus; so; so?
now; soon; already; yet; further; more
that's the way it is; yes; is that so?; is it?
fast; quick; early (in the day, etc.); premature; (too) soon; not yet
please (give me); please (do for me)
to fly; to soar; to jump; to leap; to spatter; to scatter; to hurry
true; real; genuine; proper; utter
star (cinema, sports, etc.); celebrity; star symbol; asterisk; (celestial) star