suffix for familiar person
(a) little; somewhat; somehow
strange; odd; unexpected; change; incident; disturbance
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
matter causing distress; something causing worry
nonexistent; not being (there); not having; not
any; anything; whatever; I am told; I hear; I understand
consultation; discussion; discussing; asking (someone) for advice
-like; sort of; similar to; resembling
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
considerable; great; important; significant; a big deal
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
to be able to do; to be possible; to be good at; to do well; to come into existence; to form; to be made
may; might; perhaps; may be; possibly
if; in case; as for; on the topic of; if that's the case; if so
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
important; significant; precious; valuable; careful
honorific/polite/humble prefix
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to ill-treat; to bully; to torment; to be tough on (e.g. one's body); to treat harshly
bad; poor; poor (quality); inferior; evil; sinful; ugly
child; kid; (one's) child; offspring; young woman; young (animal); offshoot
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
Moon; month; moonlight; (a) moon; natural satellite
instead of; replacing; on behalf of
punishment (of children); spanking; smacking; criminal punishment (esp. execution; Edo period)
you; buddy; monarch; ruler; he; she
yes; that is correct; understood; I see; present; here; pardon?
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen; to come about
adds force to a statement, decision or conclusion; indicates command; (strongly) emphasizes the previous word; adds focus; some- (e.g. something, someone)
excuse me; pardon me; I'm sorry; thank you; you shouldn't have; it's too much
reference book; study-aid book; supplemental textbook; student handbook
to leave behind; to misplace; to forget
indicates word or phrase being defined; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); with; (not) as much as; (not) so much as; the fact that
rare; uncommon; new; novel; fine; nice
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...; wow
what; how many; many; a lot of; several; a few
indicates a question; indicates an embedded question; indicates an indirect question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...