indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
suffix for familiar person
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
firefly (Luciola cruciata); lightning bug; glowworm
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
rabbit; hare; coney; cony; lagomorph (esp. leporids)
indicates emotion or admiration; indicates emphasis; I; me; wah!; boo!
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
surely; undoubtedly; sternly; severely; having no slack; rigid
lively; full of spirit; energetic; healthy; well; fit
indicates reason or excuse; indicates dissatisfaction; indicates desire to be pampered or indulged
small child; pipsqueak; short person; midget; small animal; runt
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
mind; heart; spirit; the meaning of a phrase (riddle, etc.)
to live; to exist; to make a living; to subsist; to be in effect; to be in use
yes; yeah; hum; hmmm; oof
Neptune (Roman god); Neptune (planet)
Uranus (Greek god); Uranus (planet)
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
now; soon; already; yet; further; more
-ness; indicates assertion; come; come now
to meet; to encounter; to see; to have an accident; to have a bad experience
to untie; to unfasten; to unsew; to unstitch; to solve; to work out; to dispel (misunderstanding, etc.)
hah (derisively); pooh; pfft (of something disappearing); poof; huff; puff
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to