small child; pipsqueak; short person; midget; small animal; runt
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
idiot; moron; stupid; foolish; trivial; insignificant; malfunctioning
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
from; since; through (e.g. a window, door); via; because; as; from (as in "made from")
to run away; to flee; to avoid (a question, responsibility, etc.); to evade; to win without being overtaken; to hold off the other contenders (until the finish)
how; in what way; how about
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
if; in case; supposing; worst (case); unexpected (occurence); unforeseen
secret; secrecy; mystery; secret (e.g. to success); esoteric teachings
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
Vaizman; Weisman; Weissman; Wiesmann; Wiseman
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
to know; to be aware (of); to sense; to feel; to understand; to comprehend; to remember
fast; quick; early; soon; premature; too soon
to turn back (e.g. half-way); to return; to go back; to recover (e.g. something lost); to be returned; to rebound
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
to ill-treat; to bully; to torment; to be tough on (e.g. one's body); to treat harshly
fellow; guy; thing; object; he; she
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
Moon; month; moonlight; (a) moon; natural satellite
instead of; replacing; on behalf of
punishment (of children); spanking; smacking; criminal punishment (esp. execution; Edo period)
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
wickedness; evil; wicked person
biggest; greatest; largest; maximum
output (electrical, signal, etc.)
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
to turn (towards); to face; to head to; to go towards; to allot; to allocate
preparation; arrangements; getting ready; provision; setup; reserving
as soon as ... is completed; as soon as ... is done; as soon as one is able to ...; as soon as one has (free time)
I; me; oneself; (arch.) you; (arch.) prefix indicating familiarity or contempt
pluralizing suffix; or so; rough indicator of direction, location, amount, etc.; nominalizing suffix
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
another time; again; over again; formally; especially; intentionally
to descend (e.g. a mountain); to go down; to alight (e.g. from bus); to get off; to step down; to retire; to be granted
older brother; elder brother; brother (as older-brother figure in friendly and or work relationship); young man; buddy
queen; queen; queen (chess piece); Queen (highest title for female players in competitive karuta)
now; the present time; just now; another; more