small child; pipsqueak; short person; midget; small animal; runt
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
idiot; moron; trivial matter; folly; stupid; foolish
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
how; in what way; how about
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
secret; secrecy; mystery; secret (e.g. to success); esoteric teachings
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
Vaizman; Weisman; Weissman; Wiesmann; Wiseman
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to be aware of; to know; to notice; to feel; to understand; to comprehend; to remember
fast; quick; early (in the day, etc.); premature; (too) soon; not yet
to turn back (e.g. half-way); to return; to go back; to recover (e.g. something lost); to be returned; to rebound
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
to ill-treat; to bully; to torment; to be tough on (e.g. one's body); to treat harshly
fellow; guy; thing; object; he; she
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
instead of; replacing; on behalf of
punishment; spanking; smacking; chastisement; scolding
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
wickedness; evil; wicked person
biggest; greatest; largest; maximum
output (electrical, signal, etc.)
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to turn towards; to point
preparation; arrangements; getting ready; provision; setup; reserving
I; me; oneself; (arch.) you; (arch.) prefix indicating familiarity or contempt
another time; again; over again; formally; especially; intentionally
to descend (e.g. a mountain); to go down; to alight (e.g. from bus); to get off; to step down; to retire; to be granted
older brother; elder brother; brother (as older-brother figure in friendly and or work relationship); young man; buddy
now; the present time; just now; another; more
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as