excuse me; pardon me; I'm sorry; thank you
central black dot on a go board; Tengen era (978.11.29-983.4.15)
Mr.; Mrs.; makes a word more polite (usu. in fixed expressions); state; situation
never mind that; don't worry about that; listen up
now; soon; already; yet; further; more
to talk; to chat; to chatter
oiran; high-ranking courtesan; (arch.) prostitute
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
ogre; demon; spirit of a deceased person; ogre-like person (i.e. fierce, relentless, merciless, etc.); it (in a game of tag, hide-and-seek, etc.); Chinese "ghost" constellation (one of the 28 mansions); very
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to notice; to recognize; to recognise; to become aware of; to perceive; to realize
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
opposite side; other side; over there; that way; the other party; the other person
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
poison; toxicant; harm; evil influence; ill will; spite
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to drink; to gulp; to smoke (tobacco); to engulf; to overwhelm; to keep down; to suppress
store; shop; establishment; restaurant
to slip out; to sneak away; to break into the lead; to get ahead; to begin to fall out (e.g. hair); to break out (of a loop)
to try to ...; to be about to do ...; to decide to ...; to take as; to treat as; to use for; to suppose that (such) is the case
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to ferry across (e.g. a river); to carry across; to lay across; to build across; to hand over; to hand in
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
obi; kimono sash; paper wrapper on books, CDs, etc.; band; belt; cingulum
monitoring; watching; observation; surveillance; guarding; supervision
purpose; goal; aim; objective; intention
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
thing; object; one's things; possessions; things; something; quality
appearing ...; looking ...; way to ...; method of ...ing; form; style
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
contacting; (making) contact; connection (with a train, bus, etc.); joining (a railway line, etc.); connection (between matters, incidents, etc.); relation
to be able (in a position) to do; to be up to the task; to be ready; to be completed; to be made; to be built; to be good at
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
to mind; to care about; to be an issue; to matter; to keep company; to care for; to interfere with
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
to give; to confer; to bestow; to kindly do for one; to oblige; to favour
a short while ago; a moment ago; just now; some time ago
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
sound; noise; note; fame; Chinese-derived character reading
to be heard; to be audible; to be said to be; to be reputed
it seems; I think; I guess; right?; don't you agree?