at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to concern; to be related
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
management; administration; operation
origin; source; base; basis; cause; ingredient; material
than; from; out of; except; but; more
due form; official; formality
to reach; to touch; to be delivered; to arrive; to be attentive; to be scrupulous
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
far; distant; distant (past); remote (in time); distant (relationship or kinship); having little to do (with someone); far (from something else in quality, degree, etc.)
educational institution; school; academy; campus
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
pupil; student; schoolchild
preparation; arrangements; provision; getting ready; laying out (e.g. a meal)
(stage) appearance; performance; participation (e.g. in a tournament)
frame; framework; border; box; limit; restriction; category
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
question (e.g. on a test); problem; problem (e.g. societal, political); question; question (i.e. doubt); public discussion
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
to enter; to go into; to break into; to join; to enroll; to contain; to hold
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
but; however; (and) yet; nevertheless; still; for all that
to leave; to exit; to leave (on a journey); to depart; to move forward; to come to; to get to
indicates emotion or admiration; indicates emphasis; I; me; wah!; boo!
one's father; one's old man; middle-aged (or older) man; old man; one's boss; proprietor (of a restaurant, store, etc.)
should (be); bound (to be); nock (of a bow); nock (of an arrow); nock-shaped grip (between thumb and forefinger); wooden frame on the tip of the mast of a Japanese ship that prevents the hawser from falling out
fate; destiny; connection; tie; pretext; justification
mass meeting; convention; tournament; competition; grand event
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
and; besides; because; since; the thing is; for one thing
prefix for forming ordinal numbers
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
honorific/polite/humble prefix
to be silent; to say nothing
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
concerning; regarding; per (e.g. 100 yen per person); for every
naming; nominating; designating; calling on; asking for; requesting
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
not less than; ... and over; beyond (e.g. one's expectations); above; above-mentioned; aforementioned
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then