indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
sense; sensation; feeling; intuition
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to shine; to sparkle; to twinkle; to light up (with happiness, hope, etc.); to beam; to gleam
story; tale; legend; plot; storyline
to break; to destroy; to wreck; to ruin; to break (a bill, etc.)
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
only; merely; approximately; about; just (finished, etc.); as if to; (as though) about to
it is assuredly that ...; can say with confidence that ...; did not ...
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
like; similar to; (I) think (that); (I) have a feeling (that); feels like; feels similar to
again; once more; also; too; on the other hand; while; and
to meet; to encounter; to see; to have an accident; to have a bad experience
to laugh; to smile; to sneer; to ridicule; to be dumbfounded; to be flabbergasted
nice to meet you; I'm glad to make your acquaintance; how do you do?
already; yet; soon; shortly; further; more
to be needed; to be necessary; to be required; to be wanted; to need; to want
excuse me; pardon me; I'm sorry; thank you; you shouldn't have; it's too much
a little; a bit; a little while; a short time; a little way; a short distance
fast; quick; early; soon; premature; too soon
to be attached; to be connected with; to remain imprinted; to scar; to bear (fruit, interest, etc.); to be acquired (of a habit, ability, etc.); to increase (of strength, etc.)
this way; this direction; here; this (one); I; me
Mr; Mrs; Miss; politeness marker
new; novel; fresh; recent; latest; up-to-date
father; dad; husband; you (of an elderly person older than the speaker); he
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
to call out (to); to call; to summon (a doctor, etc.); to invite; to designate; to name; to garner (support, etc.)
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
year; counter for years (e.g. of an era), grades (e.g. school); period of an apprentice's contract (usu. ten years)
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
near; close; close (in time); soon; close (relationship); friendly
to pass through; to pass by; to pass (of time); to elapse; to have expired; to have ended; to exceed
I wonder; should I?; is it?; I wish that; I hope that
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
you; buddy; monarch; ruler; he; she
even; (if) only; just; besides; on top of that
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
research; study; investigation
to help; to assist; to aid; to contribute to; to be a factor in