you; presence (of a god, nobleman, etc.)
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
indicates word or phrase being defined; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); with; (not) as much as; (not) so much as; the fact that
to hear; to listen (e.g. to music); to ask; to enquire; to hear about; to hear of; to follow (advice, order, etc.)
opponent; rival; adversary; menace; danger; threat
union; alliance; combination; RENGO (Japanese Trade Union Confederation)
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to kill; to slay; to suppress; to block; to suppress (a voice, feelings, etc.); to hold back
that is so; that is right; it looks to me; people say that; it is said that; I hear that
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
was it?; I think it was ...; if I've got it right; (I, we) used to ...; I remember ...; it was ...
such (about the actions of the listener, or about ideas expressed or understood by the listener); like that; that sort of
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
than; from; out of; except; but; more
small quantity; little; little while; short distance
to talk; to speak; to tell; to explain; to speak (a language)
with trouble; at great pains; rare; valuable; kind; generous
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
and; besides; because; since; the thing is; for one thing
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
to be absent; to take a day off; to rest; to have a break; to go to bed; to (lie down to) sleep
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
please (give me); please (do for me)
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
small fish; small fry; (a) nobody; small fry; unimportant person
feather; plume; wing; shuttlecock (in badminton)
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
gaining time; stalling for time; time-buying
approximately; about; to (about) the extent that; (almost) enough that; as ... as ...; like
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
pardon; forgiveness; forbearance
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
there (place relatively near listener); there (place just mentioned); that place; then (of some incident just spoken of); that (of point just raised); (arch.) you
nothing; naught; nought; un-; non-
to take; to pick up; to pass; to hand; to get; to obtain; to adopt (a method, proposal, etc.)
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become