to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen; to come about
exactly; precisely; just; just (like); as if; as though
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
-like; sort of; similar to; resembling
behind; rear; after; later; remainder; the rest; more (e.g. five more minutes)
to pass (of time); to elapse
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
completion; perfection; accomplishment
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
bad; wrong; must not (do, be); should not; useless; no good; hopeless
endorsing and questioning the preceding statement; lamenting reflections on the preceding statement
now; the present time; just now; another; more
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
hina doll; doll displayed during the Girls' Festival
clothing; costume; outfit; garment; dress
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to make; to produce; to prepare (food); to brew (alcohol); to raise; to grow; to till
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
you said; he said; even if; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
although; despite; whereas; while; if only; I wish
human usage; (for) use by people
if; in case; as for; on the topic of; if that's the case; if so
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
double; twice (as much); times (as much); -fold; 1-nth; 1 to n
(some) more; even more; longer; further
to take (a resource, e.g. time or money); to hang; to come into view; to arrive; to come under (a contract, a tax); to start (engines, motors); to attend
yes; yeah; huh?; what?; 's; of
honest; frank; candid; honestly; frankly
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
for the first time; only after ... is it ...; only when ... do you ...; first time; (one's) first
and; besides; because; since; the thing is; for one thing
to be able to do; to be possible; to be good at; to do well; to come into existence; to form; to be made
thing; object; one's things; possessions; things; something; quality
that's the way it is; yes; is that so?; is it?
indicates a question; indicates an embedded question; indicates an indirect question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
to be in time (for); to serve (suit, meet) the purpose; to be good enough; to be enough
to that extent; to that degree; so much; so
Mr; Mrs; Miss; politeness marker