indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
suffix for familiar person
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
adds force or indicates command
yes; that is correct; understood; I see; present; here; pardon?
everyone; everybody; all; everything; all
behind; rear; after; later; remainder; the rest; more (e.g. five more minutes)
ship; boat; tank; tub; counter for boat-shaped containers (e.g. of sashimi)
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
how; in what way; how about
just (e.g. "just wait here"); come now; tolerably; passably; well...; I think...
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
this way; this direction; here; this (one); I; me
gun; cannon; artillery; ordnance
range (of a rifle, missile, etc.)
gear; speed (e.g. 4-speed transmission)
main battery; main armament
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
yes; yeah; huh?; what?; not; 's
still; as yet; (not) yet; more; (more) still; at least
to be able (in a position) to do; to be up to the task; to be ready; to be completed; to be made; to be built; to be good at
prefix for forming ordinal numbers
war; battle; match; game; competition
outside of; not covered by
terrible; dreadful; amazing (e.g. of strength); great (e.g. of skills); to a great extent; vast (in numbers)
rushing into; breaking into; storming; plunging into (war, etc.); embarking on (a new venture)