if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
outbreak of war; starting a war
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
today; this day; these days; recently; nowadays
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
Your Majesty; His Majesty; Her Majesty
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to hear; to listen (e.g. to music); to ask; to enquire; to hear about; to hear of; to follow (advice, order, etc.)
yes; yeah; huh?; what?; not; 's
isn't it?; let's ...; why don't we ...; how about we ...
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
discourtesy; impoliteness; excuse me; goodbye; to leave; to be rude
slowly; quietly; steadily; soon; momentarily; before long
last; final; closing; last train (bus, flight, etc.; of the day)
advice; counsel; remonstrance; recommendation
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to end; to come to an end; to close; to finish
(approximate) time; around; suitable time (or condition); time of year; season
be considered; be deemed; be thought to be
in that way; thus; so; so?
no; nay; well; er; you're welcome; not at all
cooperation; collaboration
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to request; to beg; to call; to order; to entrust to; to rely on
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
army; armed forces; military authorities; team; group
something like ...; things like ...; someone like ...; the likes of ...
opponent; rival; adversary; menace; danger; threat
it seems; I think; I guess; right?; don't you agree?
moreover; furthermore; nevertheless; and yet
magic; witchcraft; sorcery; spell
raising the curtain; opening (of an event); start of a season
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
things like; something like; someone like; such a thing as; (the fact) that; to think that