party; group; troop; one act; one action; one deed
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
sacred place; holy ground; the Holy Land; real-life location used as a setting in a novel, film, anime, etc.
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
the 10 precepts; Ten Commandments; Decalogue; Decalog
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
battle; fight; war; struggle; conflict
towards (a destination); for the purpose of; with the goal of; targeting (a group, a demographic)
severe; strict; hard (to do); difficult; intense (e.g. cold); harsh (weather)
tempering (metal); annealing; forging; toughening; disciplining; training
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to pile up; to heap up; to stack up; to repeat many times over; to go through repeatedly; to accumulate
such things as ...; and ... and; the minute (that) ...; no sooner than ...; be; is; o
yes; indeed; ha!; what?; huh?; sigh
one (esp. of two); the other; on the one hand; on the other hand; whereas; although
encounter; being confronted with (e.g. difficulty); meeting with (e.g. accident)
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
yes; yeah; hum; hmmm; oof
mountain; hill; mine (e.g. coal mine); heap; pile; crown (of a hat); thread (of a screw)
discovery; detection; finding
adds force or indicates command
dad; daddy; papa; pa; pop
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
I'm sorry; my apologies; may I come in?; permission; leave; dismissal
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
least; lowest; worst; awful; horrible; at the very least
man; male; fellow; guy; male lover; boyfriend
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
to bear a grudge against; to resent; to blame; to curse; to feel bitter towards
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
things like; something like; someone like; such a thing as; (the fact) that; to think that
(not) even once; (not) ever
nonexistent; not being (there); not having; not
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
one's father; one's old man; middle-aged (or older) man; old man; one's boss; proprietor (of a restaurant, store, etc.)
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
so; like this; in this way
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed