indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
sacred place; holy ground; the Holy Land; real-life location used as a setting in a novel, film, anime, etc.
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
once; before; formerly; never yet; never before; first time
force; strength; capability; ability; efficacy; effect; effort
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to take back; to get back; to regain; to recover; to restore; to recoup
good; advantage; sake; purpose; consequence; result
test; trial; ordeal; tribulation
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
to challenge to (a fight, game, etc.); to throw down the gauntlet; to tackle (e.g. a problem); to attempt; to pressure (someone) for sex; to make advances to
yikes; oops; eep; wow; aargh
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
violent; furious; extreme; intense; fervent; vehement
pain; anguish; distress; suffering; hardship
end; tip; end (of the year, month, etc.); close; youngest child; descendants; offspring
thought; imagination; mind; desire; wish; love
chest; breast; breasts; bosom; heart; lungs; stomach
to climb over; to get over; to overcome (a difficulty, obstacle, etc.); to surmount; to surpass (a predecessor); to overtake
one (esp. of two); the other; on the one hand; on the other hand; whereas; although
to arrive at; to reach; to sit on; to sit at (e.g. the table)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
encounter; running into; meeting with (e.g. an accident); being confronted with (e.g. a difficulty)
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
very young; little; childish; immature
daily; everyday; days (e.g. of one's youth); every day; day after day
scene; spectacle; sight; view
to remember; to recall; to call to mind; to imagine; to picture in one's mind; to visualize
as was expected; just as one thought; sure enough; really; actually; ever
the past; bygone days; one's past (that one would prefer remained secret); past (tense); preterit; previous life
(what) the heck; (why) in the world; one object; one body; one form; one style; one Buddhist image
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; penis; (one's) thing
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen; to come about
will; probably; may; I think; surely; I hope
indicates a question; indicates an embedded question; indicates an indirect question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm
a short while ago; a moment ago; just now; some time ago
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
training; drill; practice; practising; discipline