indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
fresh; refreshing; invigorating; clear (voice); fluent (speech); eloquent
end; conclusion; last; final; once ...; the moment ... (, that's it)
I'm sorry; my apologies; may I come in?; permission; leave; dismissal
figure; design; twill weave; pattern of diagonal stripes; style (of writing); figure (of speech); design
suffix for familiar person
alarm clock; waking up; keeping oneself awake; early-morning treat (traditionally given to children in some parts of Japan); wake-up sweet
to stop; to turn off; to park; to prevent; to suppress (a cough); to stop (someone from doing something); to dissuade
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
hah (derisively); pooh; pfft (of something disappearing); poof; huff; puff
rock (in rock-paper-scissors); stone; ungh; gulp; rumbling (of an empty stomach); growling
already; yet; soon; shortly; further; more
time; hour; period; class
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
to get up; to rise; to wake up; to be awake; to occur (usu. of unfavourable incidents); to happen
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
behind; rear; after; later; remainder; the rest; more (e.g. five more minutes)
in proportion to; just as much as
no good; not serving its purpose; hopeless; wasted; cannot; must not
year; counter for years (e.g. of an era), grades (e.g. school); period of an apprentice's contract (usu. ten years)
eye; eyeball; eyesight; sight; look; stare; notice
inter-scholastic athletics competition
everyone; everybody; all; everything; all
very hard; with utmost effort; as hard as one can; with all one's might; for dear life; eagerly
practice; training; drill; (an) exercise; workout
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
futility; waste; uselessness; pointlessness; idleness
things like; something like; someone like; such a thing as; (the fact) that; to think that
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
approximately; about; to (about) the extent that; (almost) enough that; as ... as ...; like
new student; freshman; first-year student
to enter; to come in; to join (a club, company, etc.); to enter (a university, the army, etc.); to be contained (in); to be included (in); to (be able to) fit (in a container, building, etc.)
second-year student; second-year pupil; biennial; biennial plant
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
painful; difficult; distressing; (psychologically) difficult; straitened (circumstances); tight (financial situation)
to spend (time); to pass; to overdo (esp. alcohol consumption); to drink (alcohol); to take care of; to support
terrible; dreadful; amazing (e.g. of strength); great (e.g. of skills); to a great extent; vast (in numbers)