indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
you; buddy; monarch; ruler; he; she
seems; I think; I guess; don't you agree?; I thought you'd say that!
is not; am not; are not; isn't it?
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest
uroboros; ouroboros (image of a serpent or dragon swallowing its own tail)
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
how; in what way; how about
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
you; presence (of a god, nobleman, etc.)
to kill; to slay; to suppress; to block; to suppress (a voice, feelings, etc.); to hold back
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
hideout; secret base of operations; safe house
Extinct (conservation status); EX
club budget; club expense
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
indicates emotion or admiration; indicates emphasis; I; me; wah!; boo!
fellow; guy; thing; object; he; she
to catch; to capture; to catch hold of (someone); to stop (e.g. a stranger in the street); towards (someone); at (someone)
yes; indeed; ha!; what?; huh?; sigh
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...