indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
you (plural); all of you; you all
Extinct (conservation status); EX
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to succeed; to relieve; to take the place of; to substitute for; to be exchanged; to change (places with)
as (i.e. in the role of); for (i.e. from the viewpoint of); apart from... (used to change the topic); even (e.g. "not even a single person"); thinking that...; trying to...
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
town; block; downtown; main street; street; road
reigning; controlling; dictating
period; epoch; the times; those days; oldness; ancientness
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
arrival; coming (e.g. something awaited); advent
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
he; she; this; this one; Hey, you!; You bastard!
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
come; come now; well; who knows; well now; let's see
two persons; two people; pair; couple
taking a quantity (of time, people, etc.); similar to ...; dependent on ...; reliant on ...; while ...; when ...
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
to mind; to care about; to be an issue; to matter; to keep company; to care for; to interfere with
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to throw down; to bring down; to kill; to defeat; to overthrow; to trip up
limit; limits; degree; extent; the end; the last; as long as ...
(not) anything; (nothing) at all; and everything else; and all; (not) at all; (not) in the least
to protect; to guard; to defend; to keep (i.e. a promise); to abide (by the rules); to observe
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
to be able (in a position) to do; to be up to the task; to be ready; to be completed; to be made; to be built; to be good at
citizen; citizenry; city inhabitant; townspeople; bourgeoisie; middle class
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
companion; fellow; group; company; member of the same category (family, class)
you; buddy; monarch; ruler; he; she
daughter; girl (i.e. a young, unmarried woman)
inside; interior; among; within; middle; center; during
one person; being alone; being by oneself; being single; being unmarried; by oneself
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
life; life force; lifetime; lifespan; most important thing; foundation
to save; to rescue; to help; to assist; to support (financially); to contribute (to)
to raise; to elevate; to do up (one's hair); to fly (a kite, etc.); to launch (fireworks, etc.); to land (a boat); to deep-fry
first come, first served; the early bird catches the worm
to be saved; to be rescued; to escape harm; to be spared damage; to be helped; to be saved trouble
(animal) collar; necklace; choker
establishment; institution; installation (of a machine or equipment)
cancellation; rescinding; release; calling off; lifting (sanctions); delisting
to push; to press; to apply pressure from above; to press down; to stamp (i.e. a passport); to apply a seal; to affix (e.g. gold leaf)
in front (of); before (e.g. a building); before; earlier; (the) front; frontal part; forward