indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
accomplice; co-conspirator
companion; fellow; group; company; member of the same category (family, class)
is not; am not; are not; isn't it?
so; therefore; accordingly; like I said; I told you already
to tell (on someone); to tattle; to snitch
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to kill; to slay; to suppress; to block; to suppress (a voice, feelings, etc.); to hold back
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
probably; (most) likely; in all likelihood; I suspect; I dare say; I'm afraid
these guys; these fellows
seriousness; earnestness; truth; sanctity
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
country; state; region; national government; central government; home (i.e. hometown, home country); province (of Japan)
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
to challenge (a person) to a fight
spirit; mind; nature; disposition; intention; mind; mood
seeming ...; appearing ...; -ish; like a ...; typical of ...
fast; quick; early; soon; premature; too soon
to leave; to exit; to leave (on a journey); to depart; to move forward; to come to; to get to
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
consent; agreement; acceptance; understanding; satisfaction (e.g. with an explanation); being convinced
why?; what for?; how?; by what means?
abruptly; suddenly; all of a sudden; without warning
document; writing; letter; document addressed to someone
lesson; section (in an organization); division; counter for lessons and chapters (of a book)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
middle-aged man; Buddhist priest
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
(one's) superior; (one's) boss; the higher-ups
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
indicates a question; indicates an embedded question; indicates an indirect question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm
funny; amusing; strange; odd; wrong; unsuitable
it seems; I think; I guess; right?; don't you agree?
such; that sort of; that kind of; no way!; never!
huh?; eh?; what?; oh; hey!; look!
to know; to be aware (of); to sense; to feel; to understand; to comprehend; to remember
remind me; I forget; was it?; was that what happened?
Mr; Mrs; Miss; politeness marker
you said; he said; even if; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
origin; source; basis; base; cause; (raw) material; ingredient
First Investigation Division (of the Japanese police); division responsible for investigating homicide, robbery, kidnapping, arson, and sexual assault
ability; capability; competence; skill