cleaning; sweeping; dusting; scrubbing
endorsing and questioning the preceding statement; lamenting reflections on the preceding statement
isn't it?; don't you think?; right?; surely; come on
collapse; crumbling; breaking down; (radioactive) decay; disintegration
period; epoch; the times; those days; oldness; ancientness
middle and high-school students
earning extra money (e.g. from a side job)
middle-age; middle age; midlife; one's middle years
one's father; one's old man; middle-aged (or older) man; old man; one's boss; proprietor (of a restaurant, store, etc.)
to be silent; to say nothing
idiot; moron; trivial matter; folly; stupid; foolish
nine; nine years of age; twelve o'clock (old time system)
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
university; college; former central university of Kyoto (established under the ritsuryo system for the training of government administrators); the Great Learning (one of the Four Books)
attached; belonging (to); included; enclosed; affiliated; annexed
to; for; from the standpoint of; as far as ... is concerned
one large ...; a great ...
thesis; essay; treatise; paper; article
academic study; academic research
one by one; each; every; at intervals of
to compete with; to vie for
natural; right; proper; naturally; as a matter of course; rightly
face; honour; meld; lineup (of players participating in a mahjong game); attendees (e.g. at a meeting); members
to take (a resource, e.g. time or money); to hang; to come into view; to arrive; to come under (a contract, a tax); to start (engines, motors); to attend
player (of a sport); athlete; team member
preference; priority; precedence
main constituent; core; nucleus; subject (philosophical); protagonist
preparation; arrangements; getting ready; provision; setup; reserving
cooperation; collaboration
something; something or other; so-and-so; somehow; anyhow; one way or another
to be decided; to be settled; to be unchanging; to be the same (as always); to be a fixed rule; to be destined; to be well executed (of a manoeuvre in a sport, game, etc.)
question (e.g. on a test); problem; problem (e.g. societal, political); question; question (i.e. doubt); public discussion