Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
decisively; decidedly; boldly; precisely; exactly
mysterious thief; phantom thief
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
repulse; repelling (e.g. the enemy); driving back
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
of course; certainly; naturally
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
intention; plan; belief; assumption; estimate; estimation
everyone; everybody; all; everything; all
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
honorific/polite/humble prefix
help; assistance; service
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
always; without exception; necessarily; certainly; without fail; positively
to catch; to capture; to grasp (e.g. meaning); to perceive; to captivate; to move (one's heart)
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
oh!; good heavens!; ugh!; oh no!; ah!; the penny drops!
confident; assured; self-assured; bullish (e.g. market)
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
next; following; subsequent; stage; station
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to hear; to listen (e.g. to music); to ask; to enquire; to hear about; to hear of; to follow (advice, order, etc.)
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
to aim at (with a weapon, etc.); to be after (something or someone); to have an eye on; to aim for; to set up as a goal
thing; object; one's things; possessions; things; something; quality
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
if; in case; as for; on the topic of; if that's the case; if so
preparation; arrangements; provision; getting ready; laying out (e.g. a meal)
classic (work, esp. book); the classics
department (in an organization); division; club; part; component; category
item; something that one "just has to have"
manuscript; copy; draft; notes; contribution
yes; that is correct; understood; I see; present; here; pardon?
ice cream; flavoured ice; sherbet
huh?; eh?; what?; oh; hey!; look!
to decrease (in size or number); to diminish; to abate
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
event; affair; incident; case; plot; trouble
equally (talented, etc.); evenly; neck and neck; nip and tuck