Excellent (grade); A; superiority; excellence; gentle; graceful
suffix for familiar person
to end; to come to an end; to close; to finish
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
yes; yeah; hum; hmmm; oof
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
oh; ho; exclamation of surprise, admiration, etc.; hoo (owl call); toot (sound of a flute)
fast; quick; early (in the day, etc.); premature; (too) soon; not yet
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
behind; rear; after; later; remainder; the rest; more (e.g. five more minutes)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
still; as yet; (not) yet; more; (more) still; at least
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
now; soon; already; yet; further; more
to call out (to); to call; to summon (a doctor, etc.); to invite; to designate; to name; to garner (support, etc.)
to finish; to stop; to close (a business, etc.); to close down; to put away; to put back
where; what place; how much (long, far); what extent
taking an examination (esp. school and university entrance)
thank you for your hard work; good work; see you; goodbye; goodnight
interrogative sentence-ending particle expressing doubt
surely; undoubtedly; sternly; severely; having no slack; rigid
safe; secure; certainly; surely; no thanks; I'm good
by the way; incidentally; even if; no matter (who, what, when, where, why, how)
what's the matter?; what's wrong?
it seems; I think; I guess; right?; don't you agree?
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
business; task; use; purpose; for the use of ...; used for ...
things like; something like; someone like; such a thing as; (the fact) that; to think that
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
(some) more; even more; longer; further
to hear; to listen (e.g. to music); to ask; to enquire; to hear about; to hear of; to follow (advice, order, etc.)
yes; yeah; huh?; what?; not; 's
don't you think?; indicates question
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
that; that thing; that person; then; that time; that place (over there); down there (i.e. one's genitals)
to face; to go towards; to head towards
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)