indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
suffix for familiar person
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
light; illumination; ray; happiness; hope; influence
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
yes; yeah; hum; hmmm; oof
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
stage (theatre, theater); scene or setting (e.g. of novel, play, etc.)
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
it seems; I think; I guess; right?; don't you agree?
yes; indeed; ha!; what?; huh?; sigh
to enter; to go into; to break into; to join; to enroll; to contain; to hold
love; affection; attachment; craving; agape; Ireland
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
to get up; to rise; to wake up; to be awake; to occur (usu. of unfavourable incidents); to happen
yes; that is correct; understood; I see; present; here; pardon?
castle (in place names); castle; fortress
student number (for seating, etc. in class)
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
today; this day; these days; recently; nowadays
wow!; oh!; yeah!; alright!; waah!; boohoo!
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
terrible; dreadful; amazing (e.g. of strength); great (e.g. of skills); to a great extent; vast (in numbers)
number one; first; best; most; game; round
number (in a series); (one's) turn; watch; guard; rank; standing; bout
little girl; maiden; young lady; (arch.) female between 17 and 20 years old (ritsuryo period)
class (of students); group (of people); party; lot; bunch; crime family; organized-crime syndicate
life; living; I; me; student