number one; first; best; most; game; round
to keep a promise; to keep one's word
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
free-for-all; open-to-all; optional (to participate in); non-compulsory
hands-on learning; on-the-job training; experiential learning; learning by doing
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
honorific/polite/humble prefix
rice bowl; tea cup; teacup
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to make; to produce; to prepare (food); to brew (alcohol); to raise; to grow; to till
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
interest (in something); curiosity (about something); zest (for)
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
someone (unspecified, but someone in particular); a certain person
materials; ingredients; material (for a novel, experiment, etc.); subject matter; grounds (for a decision, judgement, etc.); basis
charge; cost; generation; age; era; a representative of; on behalf of
to bring; to take (something) along; to fetch; to get
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
yes; that is correct; understood; I see; present; here; pardon?
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
a little; a bit; just a minute; for a moment; somewhat; rather; (not) easily
high; tall; expensive; high-priced; high (level); above average (in degree, quality, etc.)
to buy; to purchase; to value; to have a high opinion; to stir; to provoke
only; merely; approximately; about; just (finished, etc.); as if to; (as though) about to
mama; mamma; mom; female proprietress (of a bar, etc.)
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
difficult to ...; hard to ...
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
so much; so often; oh, yes!; that's it; that's right; quite
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
personal expenses; pocket money; spending money; incidental expenses; allowance
getting an advance (on one's salary)
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)