jpdb beta

indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question

17

indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis

6

at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for

5

indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.

4

too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as

4

indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)

4

at; in; at; when; by; with; and then

2

from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)

1

be; is; did; (have) done; please; do

5

to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed

1

this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")

6

but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...

1

to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise

1

thing; object; one's things; possessions; things; something; quality

1

to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk

1

such; that sort of; that kind of; no way!; never!

1

seems; I think; I guess; don't you agree?; I thought you'd say that!

1

to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become

1

person; someone; human beings; mankind; human (Homo sapiens); (other) people; others

1

here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...

1

if; in case; as for; on the topic of; if that's the case; if so

1

what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest

1

also; too; not ... either; (it's not possible) no matter what; although one might wish otherwise

1

things like; something like; someone like; such a thing as; (the fact) that; to think that

2

-ness; indicates assertion; come; come now

1

and the like; such as; or something; something like; I hear that ...; people say that...

2

place; spot; address; district; area; one's house; point

1

after all; because; but; even; too; as well

1

indicates question

2

house; residence; family; household; lineage; family name

6

where; what place; how much (long, far); what extent

1

everyone; everybody; all; everything; all

1

by means of; due to; because of; according to

1

to stand; to rise; to find oneself (e.g. in a difficult position); to depart (on a plane, train, etc.)

1

big; large; great

1

to escape; to run away

2

as is; as it is; as things are; like this; this way; at this rate

1

form; shape; figure; visage

1

to hurry; to rush; to hasten; to make something happen sooner

1

to live (of humans); to reside; to inhabit; to dwell; to abide

1

I; me

2

ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah

1

you; presence (of a god, nobleman, etc.)

2

-like; sort of; similar to; resembling

1

safe; secure; certainly; surely; no thanks; I'm good

1

I; me; you; manservant

1

please (give me); please (do for me)

1

what!; oh; what the heck; what the; damn

1

it is assuredly that ...; can say with confidence that ...

1

number one; first; best; most; game; round

1