sports club (e.g. at school); sports department (e.g. in a newspaper)
first; foremost; most important; best; greatest; above all
force; unit; corps; squad; troops; party
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
prefix for forming ordinal numbers
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
preparation; arrangements; getting ready; provision; setup; reserving
completion; conclusion; perfect (tense, form, aspect)
Osaka (city); (arch.) large hill
gaining total control (of people or counties); suppression; oppression; control; mastery; ascendancy
pile; heap; counter for things that are stacked, piled up (or layered, etc.); layers of clothing worn under one's overcoat; combination of colors created by layering of garments (colours)
learning; scholarship; study; study of ...; -ology; -ics
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to distribute; to arrange; to arrange; to lay out (as in decorating); (arch.) to marry off; (arch.) to exile
culture; civilization; civilisation; Bunka era (1804.2.11-1818.4.22)
department (in an organization); division; club; part; component; category
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
strengthening; intensifying; reinforcement; enhancement; solidification
public morals; discipline; rules governing social behavior
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
splendid; nice; sufficient; fine (in the sense of "I'm fine"); well enough; OK
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
failure; mistake; blunder
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
so much; so often; oh, yes!; that's it; that's right; quite
everyone; anyone; no one; nobody
in a hurry; hustle; person who's always in a rush
yes; yeah; huh?; what?; not; 's
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
seppuku; harakiri; ritual suicide by disembowelment; seppuku as a death penalty (where the convict is decapitated by a second as they make the motions to disembowel themself; Edo period)
something like ...; things like ...; someone like ...; the likes of ...
to desire; to wish for; to expect; to see; to command (a view of)
cleaning; sweeping; dusting; scrubbing
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
very; greatly; immense; enormous; serious; grave
in that way; thus; so; so?
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
and; besides; because; since; the thing is; for one thing
don't worry about it; there is nothing to fear; there is no need for anxiety; everything is under control
result; consequence; coming to fruition; bearing fruit; as a result; consequently
to take out; to get out; to put out; to reveal; to submit (e.g. thesis); to turn in; to publish
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.