indicates word or phrase being defined; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); with; (not) as much as; (not) so much as; the fact that
ruins (of a building, town, etc.); remains
such things as ...; and ... and; the minute (that) ...; no sooner than ...; be; is; o
fortress; stronghold; citadel
temple; sacred place; shrine; sanctuary; tabernacle
cavern; cave; cave system; grotto
et cetera; etc.; or something; the likes of; for example; for instance
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to contain; to comprise; to hold in the mouth; to bear in mind; to understand; to express (emotion, etc.)
monster; monstrosity; giant; influential figure; monsterlike; over-demanding
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to perform; to do; to conduct oneself; to carry out
insular; closed; unsociable; exclusive
place; location; room; space; basho; wrestling tournament
general term; generic name
many; much; majority (of); greater part (of); mostly; mainly
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
lower grade; low class; junior (officer)
roost; nest; pad; crib; one's home
to descend (e.g. a mountain); to go down; to alight (e.g. from bus); to get off; to step down; to retire; to be granted
dragon (as depicted in Western myths)
like; similar to; (I) think (that); (I) have a feeling (that); feels like; feels similar to
high; tall; expensive; high-priced; high (level); above average (in degree, quality, etc.)
intelligence; intellect; brains
to hold (in one's hand); to take; to possess; to have; to maintain; to keep; to last
advanced level; high grade; senior
to protect; to guard; to defend; to keep (i.e. a promise); to abide (by the rules); to observe
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
again; once more; also; too; on the other hand; while; and
action; conduct; behaviour; behavior; mobilization; mobilisation
area; domain; territory; field; range; region
to restrict; to limit; to be restricted to; to be limited to; to be best (for); to be the best plan
good; advantage; sake; purpose; consequence; result
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
in comparison to; rather than
degree of difficulty; difficulty level
to be due to; to be caused by; to depend on; to turn on; to be based on; to come from
capture (of enemy territory); taking (by storm); defeating (an opponent); attacking (a problem) strategically
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
altitude; height; elevation; high-degree; high-grade; advanced