coming home in the morning (after staying out all night)
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
bōryokudan; gangster organization (organisation); crime syndicate; yakuza
management; (executive) staff; leaders; leadership; top brass; upper echelons
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
guidance; lead; guide; primer; influence; connections
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
safety; security; safely; without incident; good health; inaction
infiltration; sneaking in; going undercover
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
conclusion from reasoning, judgement or calculation based on something read or heard; reason; cause; meaning; circumstances; situation
it seems; I think; I guess; right?; don't you agree?
what; how many; many; a lot of; several; a few
question (e.g. on a test); problem; problem (e.g. societal, political); question; question (i.e. doubt); public discussion
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
to mind (negative nuance); to care about; to worry; to pay undue (amount of) attention to (something)
past; after; too (much); over- (e.g. eating)
is not; am not; are not; isn't it?
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
very; greatly; much; just about to; almost; very nearly
blunder; bungle; clumsiness
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to step on; to tread on; to set foot on (e.g. foreign soil); to stand on; to experience; to undergo; to follow (rules, principles, etc.)
limit; limits; degree; extent; the end; the last; as long as ...
danger; peril; hazard; risk
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to entrust (someone) with; to leave (a matter) with someone; to have someone deliver (a message, parcel, etc.); to send (through someone); to use (something) to express (one's feelings, opinion, etc.); to express in the form of (something)
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
adds force or indicates command
duty; function; office; mission; task
to prepare for death; to get ready to die
falcon (esp. the peregrine falcon, Falco peregrinus)
meeting; assembly; party; society; association; club
to try to ...; to be about to do ...; to decide to ...; to take as; to treat as; to use for; to suppose that (such) is the case
true character; true form; true colors (colours); consciousness; one's senses
to doubt; to distrust; to be suspicious of; to suspect
what kind of; what sort of; what; no matter what (kind of); whatever; any
and; thereupon; because of that