tear; tears; lachrymal secretion; sympathy
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
rain; rainy day; rainy weather; the November suit (in hanafuda)
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to strike; to clap; to play drums; to abuse; to bash; to consult; to sound out
each time; every time; whenever (something happens); on the occasion of
beautiful; pretty; lovely; sweet; pure (heart, friendship, etc.)
to descend; to go down; to be handed down (of an order, judgment, etc.); to pass (of time); to surrender; to capitulate; to be less than
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
to protrude; to stick out; to be forced out; to be pushed out; to go over (e.g. a budget); to go beyond
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to cry; to weep; to sob; to howl
to become dim; to become blurred
to pass through; to pass by; to pass (of time); to elapse; to have expired; to have ended; to exceed
the future (usually distant); future tense; the world to come
to be worn down; to be reduced
mind; heart; spirit; the meaning of a phrase (riddle, etc.)
to bury (e.g. in the ground); to fill up (e.g. audience fills a hall); to cause to be packed; to plug (a gap); to stop (a gap); to make up for (a loss, shortage, etc.); to make amends
to collect; to assemble; to gather
to be needed; to be wanted
thing; object; one's things; possessions; things; something; quality
only; merely; approximately; about; just (finished, etc.); as if to; (as though) about to
bye-bye; good-bye; see you; saying goodbye; parting
every day; daily; day after day; days (e.g. good old days)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
return; reaction; recovery; return (from a procedure)
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
to open; to undo; to bloom; to unfold; to open (for business, e.g. in the morning); to be wide (gap, etc.); to widen
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
small; little; slight; below average (in degree, amount, etc.); low (e.g. sound); soft (e.g. voice)
to close (e.g. book, eyes, meeting, etc.); to shut
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
calmly; quietly; gently; be quiet!
to change color (esp. leaves, fruit, flowers) (colour); to turn crimson (e.g. leaves in autumn); to begin to redden; to ripen; to grow ripe
(some) more; even more; longer; further
deep; profound; dense; thick; close (relationship); intense; strong
tender; kind; gentle; graceful; affectionate; amiable
morning; breakfast; (arch.) next morning
light; illumination; ray; happiness; hope; influence
to receive; to get; to catch (e.g. a ball); to be struck by (wind, waves, sunlight, etc.); to sustain (damage); to incur (a loss); to undergo (e.g. surgery)
expectation; anticipation; hope; promising; rising; up-and-coming