tear; tears; lachrymal secretion; sympathy
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
rain; rainy day; rainy weather; the November suit (in hanafuda)
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to strike; to hit; to attack; to bash; to sound out (someone's views); to pound (meat or fish); to chop into small pieces
each time; every time; whenever (something happens); on the occasion of
beautiful; pretty; lovely; sweet; pure (heart, friendship, etc.)
to descend; to go down; to be handed down (of an order, judgment, etc.); to pass (of time); to surrender; to capitulate; to be less than
from; since; through (e.g. a window, door); via; because; as; from (as in "made from")
to protrude; to stick out; to be forced out; to be pushed out; to go over (e.g. a budget); to go beyond
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
to cry; to shed tears; to suffer (from); to be troubled (by); to accept (an unreasonable request, loss, etc.); to do reluctantly
to become dim; to become blurred
to pass through; to pass by; to pass (of time); to elapse; to have expired; to have ended; to exceed
(distant) future; future existence; world beyond the grave; future (tense)
to be worn down; to wear away; to wear out; to dwindle; to be reduced
mind; heart; spirit; the meaning of a phrase (riddle, etc.)
to bury (e.g. in the ground); to fill up (e.g. audience fills a hall); to cause to be packed; to plug (a gap); to stop (a gap); to make up for (a loss, shortage, etc.); to make amends
to collect; to assemble; to gather
to be needed; to be necessary; to be required; to be wanted; to need; to want
thing; object; one's things; possessions; things; something; quality
only; merely; approximately; about; just (finished, etc.); as if to; (as though) about to
bye-bye; goodbye; saying goodbye; parting
daily; everyday; days (e.g. of one's youth); every day; day after day
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
return; reaction; recovery; return (from a procedure)
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
to open; to undo; to bloom; to unfold; to open (for business, e.g. in the morning); to be wide (gap, etc.); to widen
to go; to move (towards); to move through; to travel across; to go (well, badly, etc.); to proceed; to do (in a particular way)
small; little; slight; below average (in degree, amount, etc.); low (e.g. sound); soft (e.g. voice)
to close (e.g. book, eyes, meeting, etc.); to shut
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
calmly; quietly; gently; be quiet!
to change color (of leaves in autumn); to turn red; to ripen (and change color); to become sexually aware; to reach puberty
(some) more; even more; longer; further
deep (hole, forest, snow, etc.); dense (e.g. fog); thick (e.g. weeds, woods); close (e.g. relationship); deep (involvement); intense (e.g. longing, flavor); severe
tender; kind; gentle; graceful; affectionate; amiable
light; illumination; ray; happiness; hope; influence; power
to receive; to get; to catch (e.g. a ball); to be struck by (wind, waves, sunlight, etc.); to sustain (damage); to incur (a loss); to undergo (e.g. surgery)
expectation; anticipation; hope; promising; rising; up-and-coming