indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
in that way; thus; so; so?
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
to eat; to live; to make a living; to bite; to sting (as insects do); to tease; to torment
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
thing; object; one's things; possessions; things; something; quality
that way; that direction; there; that (one); you; your family
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
yes; yeah; hum; hmmm; oof
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
seems; I think; I guess; don't you agree?; I thought you'd say that!
to receive; to take; to get somebody to do something; to have in one's pocket (a fight, match); to contract (a disease); to catch
than; from; out of; except; but; more
you; presence (of a god, nobleman, etc.)
hero; heroine; Eroica Symphony (Beethoven, 1804); Heroic Polonaise (Chopin)
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
yes; yeah; huh?; what?; not; 's
is not; am not; are not; isn't it?
to turn back (e.g. half-way); to return; to go back; to recover (e.g. something lost); to be returned; to rebound
(not) anything; (nothing) at all; and everything else; and all; (not) at all; (not) in the least
to; for; from the standpoint of; as far as ... is concerned
is that so? (generally rhetorical)