to live; to exist; to make a living; to subsist; to be in effect; to be in use
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
earth; soil; the earth (historically, esp. as opposed to the heavens); the ground; low-quality torinoko-gami (containing mud); (period of) refraining from construction in the direction of the god of the earth (in Onmyōdō)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
armpit; under one's arm; beside; close to; aside; to the side; off-track
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
to transfer (to a different place, group, etc.); to change; to move to the next stage (of a plan, etc.); to divert (one's attention) to; to focus on (something different); to spend (time); to let (time) pass
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...; wow
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
military man; warrior; soldier
from; since; through (e.g. a window, door); via; because; as; from (as in "made from")
to look after; to take care of; to be put in charge of; to be given responsibility for; to withhold (an announcement); to reserve (judgment)
appearing ...; looking ...; way to ...; method of ...ing; form; style
terrible; dreadful; amazing (e.g. of strength); great (e.g. of skills); to a great extent; vast (in numbers)
is that so?; I see; right; oh
by chance; by accident; accidentally; occasionally; once in a while; now and then
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
(what) the heck; (why) in the world; one object; one body; one form; one style; one Buddhist image
to be taught; to learn; to take lessons in
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
indicates a question; indicates an embedded question; indicates an indirect question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm
yes; yeah; hum; hmmm; oof
what; how many; many; a lot of; several; a few
you said; he said; even if; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
to write; to compose; to pen; to draw; to paint
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen; to come about
last night; yesterday evening
sumo (wrestling); sumo wrestler; rikishi
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
fellow; guy; thing; object; he; she
such; that sort of; that kind of; no way!; never!
place; spot; address; district; area; one's house; point
-ness; indicates assertion; come (on); come now; er; um; indicates scrutiny, critique or mistrust
immediately; at once; soon; before long; easily; readily