indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
(fixing) boundaries for religious practices; prohibition (of items, people, spirits, etc. that would hinder Buddhist practice); fence between inner and outer sanctums in a temple; (arch.) short two or three-fold lattice around the front desk of a store; barrier; dimensional barrier
Mr.; Mrs.; makes a word more polite (usu. in fixed expressions); state; situation
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
indicates word or phrase being defined; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); with; (not) as much as; (not) so much as; the fact that
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
if; in case; as for; on the topic of; if that's the case; if so
fast; quick; early (in the day, etc.); premature; (too) soon; not yet
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
you; you bastard; you son of a bitch; (arch.) you
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
honorific/polite/humble prefix
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest
man; male; fellow; guy; male lover; boyfriend
older brother; elder brother
dojo; hall used for martial arts training; manda (place of Buddhist practice or meditation, esp. the place under the bodhi tree where Buddha attained enlightenment)
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
tengu; long-nosed goblin; bragging; conceit; braggart
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
to be aware of; to know; to notice; to feel; to understand; to comprehend; to remember
indicates emotion or admiration; indicates emphasis; I; me; wah!; boo!
what; how many; many; a lot of; several; a few
strong; potent; strong; brawny; good (at); skilled; being able to handle
eradication of malignant spirits (esp. used in fantasy and science fiction)
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)