nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
really; truly; indeed; good grief
amateur; layman; respectable woman (i.e. not a prostitute, hostess, geisha); (arch.) unlicensed prostitute
where; what place; how much (long, far); what extent
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
force; strength; capability; ability; efficacy; effect; effort
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
to ascertain; to make sure of; to determine; to probe; to get to the bottom (of something)
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
to differ (from); to vary; to not be in the usual condition; to not match the correct (answer, etc.); to be different from promised; isn't it?
painful; bitter; tough; difficult; cruel; harsh
to raise; to elevate; to do up (one's hair); to fly (a kite, etc.); to launch (fireworks, etc.); to land (a boat); to show someone (into a room)
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
so; like this; in this way
things like; something like; someone like; such a thing as; (the fact) that; to think that
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
if; in case; as for; on the topic of; if that's the case; if so
older brother; elder brother
research division; research club (e.g. at school, university)
staff; member (club, society, etc.)
to increase; to add to; to augment
may; might; perhaps; may be; possibly
oh; ho; exclamation of surprise, admiration, etc.; hoo (owl call); toot (sound of a flute)
high; tall; expensive; high-priced; high (level); above average (in degree, quality, etc.)
to change; to alter; to transform; to reform; to revise; to amend
to receive; to take; to get somebody to do something; to have in one's pocket (a fight, match); to contract (a disease); to catch
seeming to be; appearing to be; like; similar to; in order to (e.g. meet goal); so that
very; considerably; by no means; not readily; middle; half-way point
natural; understandable; reasonable; no wonder
very; extremely; terrible; horrid; remarkable; extraordinary
to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
to follow; to come along with one; to accompany
considerable; great; important; significant; a big deal
thing; object; one's things; possessions; things; something; quality
one tenth; one hundredth; one percent; one tenth of a sun; one quarter ryō (an old coin)
interval; period of time; among; between; good opportunity; chance
usual; ordinary; normal; regular; general; common
level ground; plain; flatland
degree; amount; grade; standard; of the order of (following a number); about
mountain road; mountain trail