Naniwa (former name for Osaka region)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
wind; breeze; manner; behaviour; cold; influenza
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
what; how many; many; a lot of; several; a few
to the very end; to the bitter end; to the last; to the hilt; thoroughly
to abate; to decrease; to diminish; to shorten
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
to expose (to the sun, public, danger, etc.); to bleach; to refine; to rinse (vegetables); to soak; to doxx
he; she; this; this one; hey, you!; you bastard!
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
clapper; noisemaker; bird rattle; naruko; wooden clapper (held in both hands and shaken)
to change; to alter; to reform; to correct; to examine; to check
such things as ...; and ... and; the minute (that) ...; no sooner than ...; be; is; o
to take; to pick up; to pass; to hand; to get; to obtain; to adopt (a method, proposal, etc.)
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
particle used to indicate the speaker's hope, desire, wish, etc. (e.g. "it would be nice if ...", "I wish there were ...", etc.); emphatic particle; particle adding uncertainty
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
thickness; profundity; depth; thickness; strong and tight group or wall of stones
bone; frame; outline; core; backbone; spirit
and; and then; thus; and now; and finally
how; in what way; how about
bringing certain death; deadly; knockout (blow)
flesh; meat; flesh (of a fruit); pulp; the physical body (as opposed to the spirit); flesh; thickness
come (on); come now; all right; right; well; hmm
hm; um; huh?; what?; nuh-uh; no
in that way; thus; so; the same; so?
frunk; front trunk (e.g. of a car)
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
metre (unit of length); meter; meter; gauge
I; me; you; (arch.) manservant
seriousness; earnestness; truth; sanctity