discourtesy; impoliteness; excuse me; goodbye; to leave; to be rude
year; counter for years (e.g. of an era), grades (e.g. school); period of an apprentice's contract (usu. ten years)
wood; woods; forest; bunch (of something); cluster; line
to enter; to go into; to break into; to join; to enroll; to contain; to hold
commander-in-chief; supreme commander; captain (of a team)
after (practically) no time; immediately after; just; having no time to
class (of students); group (of people); party; lot; bunch; crime family; organized-crime syndicate
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
decision of a contest; finals (in sports)
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to begin; to start; to happen (again); to begin (anew); to date (from); to originate (in)
parking lot; car park; carpark; parking garage
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
meeting up; gathering; assembly; set
in order to (e.g. meet goal); so that; take care (so as); hoping or wishing for something
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
teacher; instructor; sensei; title or form of address for a teacher, master, doctor, lawyer, etc.; intimate or teasing form of address; (arch.) one's elder
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
verbal message; word (from someone)
immediately; right away; at once; instantly
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
truth; reality; proper; right; genuine; authentic
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
good fortune; happiness; blessing; good luck
suffix for familiar person
to fly; to soar; to jump; to leap; to spatter; to scatter; to hurry
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
yes; yeah; huh?; what?; not; 's
is not; am not; are not; isn't it?
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to decide; to choose; to clinch (a victory); to decide (the outcome of a match); to persist in doing; to go through with; to always do
special; particular; extraordinary; exceptional; especial
box; case; car (of a train, etc.); shamisen case; shamisen; public building; community building
learning; scholarship; study; study of ...; -ology; -ics
department (in an organization); division; club; part; component; category
in history; ever; historical
life; living; I; me; student
member; participant; attendee; lineup (sport)
to leave; to exit; to leave (on a journey); to depart; to move forward; to come to; to get to
may; might; perhaps; may be; possibly