selection; classification; sorting; screening; triage
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
obstruction; check; hindrance; prevention; impediment; interdiction
good; advantage; sake; purpose; consequence; result
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
doing something separately (from the group); going off on one's own
to take; to pick up; to pass; to hand; to get; to obtain; to adopt (a method, proposal, etc.)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
in front (of); before (e.g. a building); before; earlier; (the) front; frontal part; forward
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to rush on; to attack; to swoop down on
owl (esp. the Ural owl, Strix uralensis)
bat (Chiroptera spp.); umbrella; opportunist; turncoat
hunting ground; hunting preserve
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
feather; plume; wing; shuttlecock (in badminton)
damn; damn it; feces; excrement; damn; damned; very
flapping sound (of wings); fluttering; hum (of insects); whizz (of a flying arrow); whoosh
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
direction; way; side (of an argument, etc.); one's part; type; category; field (of study, etc.)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
(not) at all; (not) in the slightest; wholly; entirely; extremely; very
to be heard; to be audible; to be said to be; to be reputed
ear; hearing; edge; crust; selvedge (non-fray machined edge of fabrics); selvage
other (place, thing, person); the rest; outside; beyond; nothing except; nothing but
in comparison to; rather than
high; tall; expensive; high-priced; high (level); above average (in degree, quality, etc.)
frequency (esp. of waveforms)
sound; noise; note; fame; Chinese-derived character reading
to catch (someone's words); to make out; to follow; to ask about (a situation, circumstances, etc.); to inquire
to step on; to tread on; to set foot on (e.g. foreign soil); to stand on; to experience; to undergo; to follow (rules, principles, etc.)
chafing; sore; scrape; scratch; mark; rub
everything; all; the whole; entirely; completely; wholly
whereabouts; place; location; place where one belongs; where one fits in; place where one can be oneself
to teach; to instruct; to tell; to inform; to preach
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...