how; in what way; how about
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
name; given name; title; fame; renown; pretext
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
gyro; gyroscope; gyro; gyrocompass
no good; not allowed; not acceptable; outtake; blooper; retake
shadow; silhouette; reflection; image; ominous sign; light (stars, moon)
under 1 year old (of a baby); (lit.) 0 years old
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
construction camp; bunkhouse; workers' living quarters
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
to be raised (e.g. child); to be brought up; to grow (up)
language; dialect; word; phrase; speech; (manner of) speaking
than; from; out of; except; but; more
previously; before; first; before (something or someone else); beforehand; in advance
to pile up; to stack; to load (car, ship, etc.); to pack; to acquire; to accumulate
direction; way; person; lady; method of; manner of; care of ...
such things as ...; and ... and; the minute (that) ...; no sooner than ...; be; is; o
to make; to produce; to prepare (food); to brew (alcohol); to raise; to grow; to till
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to memorize; to memorise; to learn; to pick up; to feel; to think
to strike dead; to beat to death
to jump out; to rush out; to appear (suddenly); to protrude; to project; to butt in
space (between); gap; period of time (during, while); duration; between (two parties or things); among (a group); relations (between)
continuously in some state (for a long time, distance); throughout; much (better, etc.); by far; far away; long ago
working without pay; free service; work for nothing
to force; to compel; to coerce; to press; to impose
male help; male labor; man's handwriting; (arch.) kanji
one; for one thing; only; (not) even; just (e.g. "just try it"); some kind of; one type of
to raise; to rear; to train; to teach; to promote the growth of; to nurture
untalkative; quiet; taciturn; reticent; uncommunicative
room; chamber; apartment; flat; stable
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to turn back (e.g. half-way); to return; to go back; to recover (e.g. something lost); to be returned; to rebound
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
alone; by oneself; on one's own